Provision is made for the issuance of subpoenas by attorneys as officers of the court. Your motion should include a meet-and-confer declaration. The court for the district where compliance is required must enforce this duty and impose an appropriate sanctionwhich may include lost earnings and reasonable attorney's feeson a party or attorney who fails to comply. Defendant Lance Touchstone[5] was charged with shooting and attempting to murder Jeffrey Renteria. He will also need to show that he made a good faith attempt to work it out with the other party, rather than simply filing the motion. WebMotion to Compel Further Response 45 days CCP 2033.290(c) Reasonable Time DEPOSITIONS Notice of Deposition Notice period 10 days prior CCP 2025.270(a) Reasonable Time Date of Deposition (non-consumer) Objections 3 days prior by personal service CCP 2025.410(a),(b) Reasonable Time SUBPOENAS Non-Consumer Subpoena Hosp. (B) Command to Attend a DepositionNotice of the Recording Method. Clause (c)(3)(B)(i) authorizes the court to quash, modify, or condition a subpoena to protect the person subject to or affected by the subpoena from unnecessary or unduly harmful disclosures of confidential information. First, Paragraph (a)(3) modifies the requirement that a subpoena be issued by the clerk of court. 41. Defendant and the District Attorney asserted that Facebook was neither a provider of ECS nor of RCS under the provisions of the SCA. Northern District. 0000019378 00000 n
Arguably the compulsion to testify can be regarded as a taking of intellectual property. The 10-day period for response to a subpoena is extended to 14 days to avoid the complex calculations associated with short time periods under Rule 6 and to allow a bit more time for such objections to be made. An attorney also may issue and sign a subpoena if the attorney is authorized to practice in the issuing court. In the physical world, it would be the equivalent of a master key, capable of opening hundreds of millions of locks , We are challenging the FBIs demands with the deepest respect for American democracy and a love of our country. Reddit Opposes Motion to Compel. WebSection 2025.450 - Motion to compel deponent testimony and production (a) If, after service of a deposition notice, a party to the action or an officer, director, managing agent, or [10] People v. Superior Court (Barrett) (4th Dist.2000) 80 Cal.App.4th 1305, 1318 (Barrett); Alhambra, supra, at p. 11331134 [discovery context]. WebA subpoena duces tecum is an Order that requires a witness to bring documents, books or other items under his, her or their control, that he she or they is bound by law to produce into evidence. If the judge concludes that the prosecutor has met this burden, the judge will issue a subpoena, with a copy of the certificate described in Step 2 attached, directing W to testify in State A. <<87D07E073403E342B3DFF42371873202>]>>
(D) Inaccessible Electronically Stored Information. WebThe court does not get involved unless there is a dispute about the scope of the discovery or a failure of a party to timely answer the questions as prescribed by statute. (B) When Permitted. The objection must be served before the earlier of the time specified for compliance or 14 days after the subpoena is served. Clause (c)(3)(A)(iv) requires the court to protect all persons from undue burden imposed by the use of the subpoena power. [8] Hoffstadt, California Criminal Discovery (5th ed. The motion to compel must be filed within 45 days of the be served and filed at least 80 days before the hearing if it is served by mail on a party located inside the State of California.106. m=(:rk)Es;,q9$V>B2+s?hGq}7KhIfqG2}zE.hU5kFo*0Ng_OtAzRb] q^=7>h3vma9rT-rX=3,^:+HT{?=Bnitf'@?/ZAha1,8k. This provision applies, for example, to a non-party required to provide a list of class members. As in Rule 34, this change recognizes that on occasion the opportunity to perform testing or sampling may be important, both for documents and for electronically stored information. The Committee recommends a modified version of the proposal as published. If the party claimed he didnt have the information or items requested, the moving party will want him to state on the record that he doesnt have them. ), Inadequate responses = 60 days. In re: Motion to Compel Compliance with a Subpoena Ad Testificandum Filing 14 ORDER by Magistrate Judge Virginia K. DeMarchi granting in part 1 Motion to Compel Compliance with Subpoena and Denying 9 Motion to Quash. Its purpose is to provide a party whose discovery is constrained by a claim of privilege or work product protection with information sufficient to evaluate such a claim and to resist if it seems unjustified. A non-party required to produce documents or materials is protected against significant expense resulting from involuntary assistance to the court. Subdivision (a). Subdivision (g) carries forward the authority of former subdivision (e) to punish disobedience of subpoenas as contempt. The mailing of this Client Alert Memorandum is not intended to create, and receipt of it does not constitute, an attorney-client-relationship. [11] Pitchess, supra, 11 Cal.3d at p. 538; Barrett, supra, 80 Cal.App.4th at p. 1320, fn. That depends on the circumstances: No-show = No deadline. In civil litigation, subpoenas are often used to compel discovery from nonparties to a suit such as individuals or corporations. Virtually always, the motion should be filed before the date and time designated on the subpoena for compliance, and within 14 days of the compliance date if the subpoena gives the movant at least 14 days in which to comply. [13] Alhambra, supra, 205 Cal.App.3d at p. 1134 [discovery context]. 12, 2006, eff. Depositions of parties, and officers, directors, and managing agents of parties need not involve use of a subpoena. 30b.21, Case 1, 1 F.R.D. With regard to the constitutional and other issues potentially presented by this case, the Supreme Court explained that it was generally reluctant to address significant substantive legal issues when, due to underlying factual and related problems, it may prove unnecessary to do so. The Court added that it was especially disinclined to resolve the important constitutional, statutory, and related issues addressed in the briefs when the underlying subpoena might not be enforceable because of the questions concerning whether the subpoena was supported by good cause. The requirement in the last sentence of original Rule 45(d)(1)to the effect that leave of court should be obtained for the issuance of such a subpoenahas been omitted. Proc., 2020.010(a)(1), 2025.280(b); Terry v. SLICO (2009) 175 Cal.App.4th 352, 357.) (1937) 411. Reddits rejection prompted the filmmakers to file a motion to compel. For example, Rule 45(c)(1) directs that a party serving a subpoena shall take reasonable steps to avoid imposing undue burden or expense on a person subject to the subpoena, and Rule 45(c)(2)(B) permits the person served with the subpoena to object to it and directs that an order requiring compliance shall protect a person who is neither a party nor a party's officer from significant expense resulting from compliance. 30, 1991, eff. (c) Personal service of any deposition subpoena is effective to require all of the following of any deponent who is a resident of California at the time of service: (1) Personal attendance and testimony, if the subpoena so specifies. Defendant argued in his brief opposing the motion to quash that he had established the requisite plausible justification (see, e.g., City of Alhambra v. Superior Court (2nd Dist. (See California Shellfish, Inc. v. United Shellfish Co. (1997) 56 Cal.App.4th 16, 21 [applying the deposition hold to subpoenas for business records]. Subpoenas were long issued by specific order of the court. 29, 1980, eff. In some jurisdictions, a party is permitted to file a Motion to Compel Discovery immediately if the other party has missed the deadline for responding. And in NLRB v. Warren Co., 350 U.S. 107 (1955), the Court held that the lower court had no discretion to withhold sanctions against a contemnor who violated such subpoenas. Accordingly, the Court stated that plausible justificationwhich must in all cases be so substantiated as to make the seizure constitutionally reasonable (Pacific Lighting, supra, 60 Cal.App.3d at p. 567)must be subject to even closer examination in the absence of an apparent relationship between the alleged crime and the private communications sought for disclosure. 0000001150 00000 n
Dec. 1, 2013. The method provided in paragraph (1) for the authorization of the issuance of subpoenas has been employed in some districts. The Supreme Court of California granted review to address the propriety of the criminal defense subpoena served on Facebook. A growing problem has been the use of subpoenas to compel the giving of evidence and information by unretained experts. 0000018432 00000 n
Oct. 20, 1949; Mar. 0000023353 00000 n
Judges in compliance districts may find it helpful to consult with the judge in the issuing court presiding over the underlying case while addressing subpoena-related motions. Notably, nonparty businesses may cite their own privacy as basis for not complying with your subpoena. Subparagraph (c)(3)(B) identifies circumstances in which a subpoena should be quashed unless the party serving the subpoena shows a substantial need and the court can devise an appropriate accommodation to protect the interests of the witness. WebWhat Is a Subpoena? Personal service is required even if the Court normally requires electronic service of documents. Call Us (916) 263-0541 2485 Natomas Park Drive Suite 540 Sacramento, CA 95833. (Id. In authorizing attorneys to issue subpoenas from distant courts, the amended rule effectively authorizes service of a subpoena anywhere in the United States by an attorney representing any party. Facebook suggested that the Supreme Courts opinion in Facebook (Hunter) supra, 4 Cal.5th 1245 had already determined that Facebook operated as a provider of either ECS or RCS, and hence was covered by the SCA. This amendment completes the notice provisions to ensure that a nonparty deponent has notice of the recording method when the recording method is described only in the deposition notice. Former Rule 45(b)(1) required prior notice to each party of any commanded production of documents and things or inspection of premises. *1 J "6DTpDQ2(C"QDqpIdy~kg} LX Xg` l pBF|l *? Y"1 P\8=W%O4M0J"Y2Vs,[|e92se'9`2&ctI@o|N6 (.sSdl-c(2-y H_/XZ.$&\SM07#1Yr fYym";8980m-m(]v^DW~
emi ]P`/ u}q|^R,g+\Kk)/C_|Rax8t1C^7nfzDpu$/EDL L[B@X! (See Code Civ. Clifton Smoot is an attorney on the Leary Trial Team at The Veen Firm, PC, San Francisco. Under Rule 45(c)(1)(B)(ii), nonparty witnesses can be required to travel more than 100 miles within the state where they reside, are employed, or regularly transact business in person only if they would not, as a result, incur "substantial expense." First Am. Subdivision (a)(3) specifies that an attorney authorized to practice in that court may issue a subpoena, which is consistent with current practice. If the subpoena commands the production of documents, electronically stored information, or tangible things or the inspection of premises before trial, then before it is served on the person to whom it is directed, a notice and a copy of the subpoena must be served on each party. This sort of motion most commonly deals with discovery disputes, when a party who has propounded discovery to either the opposing party or a third party believes that the discovery responses are insufficient. 1988) 205 Cal.App.3d 1118, 1134) for acquiring any restricted posts and private messages, and that the motion to quash should be denied. Compare [former] Equity Rule 52 (Attendance of Witnesses Before Commissioner, Master, or Examiner). Web(a) The judge can issue a subpoena for a witness to appear and testify at a hearing or deposition and to bring documents or other material to the hearing or deposition. Changes Made After Publication and Comment. Courts have agreed that notice must be given prior to the return date, and have tended to converge on an interpretation that requires notice to the parties before the subpoena is served on the person commanded to produce or permit inspection. For examples of statutes which allow the court, upon proper application and cause shown, to authorize the clerk of the court to issue a subpoena for a witness who lives in another district and at a greater distance than 100 miles from the place of the hearing or trial, see: 23 (Suits by United States; subpoenas for witnesses) (under antitrust laws). The language of former Rule 45(d)(2) addressing the manner of asserting privilege is replaced by adopting the wording of Rule 26(b)(5). There is no satisfactory reason for a differentiation between a subpoena for the production of documentary evidence by a witness at a trial (Rule 45(a)) and for the production of the same evidence at the taking of a deposition. Many of these statutes do not place any territorial limits on the validity of subpoenas so issued, but provide that they may be served anywhere within the United States. See U.S.C., Title 28, [former] 648 (Deposition under dedimus potestatem; witnesses, when required to attend); N.Y.C.P.A. << ORDER by Magistrate Judge Virginia K. DeMarchi granting in part 1 Motion to Compel Compliance with Subpoena and Denying 9 Motion to Quash. (2) Any specified production, inspection, testing, and sampling. Defendants have filed a Motion to Compel Production by Berkadia of Rule 30(b)(6) When travel over 100 miles could impose substantial expense on the witness, the party that served the subpoena may pay that expense and the court can condition enforcement of the subpoena on such payment. In Ballard, the Supreme Courts first decision articulating the plausible justification standard, the Court measured the defendants stated justification for acquiring the sought information against the legal claims (in that case, asserted violations of the rights to counsel and to remain silent) pursuant to which the defendant urged the information would be relevant. No reason appears why it should be less, as it sometimes is because of the accident of district lines. Protecting a Person Subject to a Subpoena; Enforcement. ), The Code also provides for contempt sanctions against nonparties who have been personally served with deposition subpoenas. These and other failings led the court to strike some of her motion filings and order that before filing any other motions in the case, the plaintiff must first file a motion for leave to file. Rule 34 is amended to provide in greater detail for the production of electronically stored information. MFk t,:.FW8c1L&9aX:
rbl1 The Court of Appeal rejected Defendants claims and denied him pretrial discovery. (See Rutter Group California Practice Guide: Civil Procedure Before Trial 8:580. (1) For a Trial, Hearing, or Deposition. 2006) (finding authority to compel a party officer from New Jersey to testify at trial in New Orleans), with Johnson v. Big Lots Stores, Inc., 251 F.R.D. Fees and mileage need not be tendered when the subpoena issues on behalf of the United States or any of its officers or agencies. On February 19, 2016, the DOJ filed a Motion to Compel compliance with the February 16 order. The party serving the subpoena should in any event make reasonable provision for prompt access. Any person who is at least 18 years old and not a party may serve a subpoena. It is amended to make clear that, in the event of transfer of a subpoena-related motions, such disobedience constitutes contempt of both the court where compliance is required under Rule 45(c) and the court where the action is pending. Once created, the technique could be used over and over again, on any number of devices. A motion to compel discovery is filed with the court and a ruling is made to either limit discovery or compel a response. The goal of the present amendments is to clarify and simplify the rule. Under the 1991 amendments, Rule 45(b)(1) required prior notice of the service of a "documents only" subpoena to the other parties. A person claiming a privilege or protection who fails to provide adequate information about the privilege or protection claim to the party seeking the information is subject to an order to show cause why the person should not be held in contempt under subdivision (e). Web2022 California Rules of Court. (Id. This change does not enlarge the burden on the witness. LEXIS 5354 (Aug. 13, 2020). Fourth, Paragraph (a)(1) authorizes the issuance of a subpoena to compel a non-party to produce evidence independent of any deposition. Proc., 2023.010. Proving service, when necessary, requires filing with the issuing court a statement showing the date and manner of service and the names of the persons served. As Motions to Compel Discovery are the most common type of motion to compel, the filing party will need to explain to the judge why the information sought from the opposing party is important to his case. This change is intended to ease the administrative burdens of inter-district law practice. However, privacy protections may apply to the extent that business records reflect information of members, employees, shareholders, or other people. (ii) These acts may be required only as directed in the order, and the order must protect a person who is neither a party nor a party's officer from significant expense resulting from compliance.
WebMV&P makes its motion pursuant to California Code of Civil Procedure 2025.450. See Application of Zenith Radio Corp. (E.D.Pa. Subdivision (b). This results in confusion and uncertainty before the time the deposition is taken, with no mechanism provided whereby the court can resolve the matter. Rule 45(a)(1)(C) is amended to recognize that electronically stored information, as defined in Rule 34(a), can also be sought by subpoena. Rule 45(c)(1)(A) does not authorize a subpoena for trial to require a party or party officer to travel more than 100 miles unless the party or party officer resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person in the state. Unlike civil subpoenas, there is no statutory requirement of a good cause affidavit before a criminal subpoena may be issued. [6] The Supreme Court later unsealed the declarations for its review after the parties had not objected. WebCalifornia. 1976), the district court's discretion in these matters should be informed by the degree to which the expert is being called because of his knowledge of facts relevant to the case rather than in order to give opinion testimony; the difference between testifying to a previously formed or expressed opinion and forming a new one; the possibility that, for other reasons, the witness is a unique expert; the extent to which the calling party is able to show the unlikelihood that any comparable witness will willingly testify; and the degree to which the witness is able to show that he has been oppressed by having continually to testify. Such arrangements facilitate discovery, and nothing in these amendments limits the ability of parties to make such arrangements. The statutory mechanism for judicial enforcement of an arbitration subpoena in actuality, an arbitrators summons to give evidence -- is simply by petition to the United States District Court for the district for which such arbitrators, or a majority of them, are sitting. Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) 7, 9 U.S.C. Note to Subdivisions (a) and (b). (1) Form and Contents. Although changed circumstances may prompt a modification of such an order, it is not expected that the compliance court will reexamine the resolution of the underlying motion. For other discovery, Rule 45(c)(2) directs that inspection of premises occur at those premises, and that production of documents, tangible things, and electronically stored information may be commanded to occur at a place within 100 miles of where the person subject to the subpoena resides, is employed, or regularly conducts business in person. The government suggests this tool could only be used once, on one phone. In some instances, it may be preferable to leave uncertain costs to be determined after the materials have been produced, provided that the risk of uncertainty is fully disclosed to the discovering party. Webwould need to file a motion to compel further responses, which is not described in this Guide. Restrictions upon the reach of subpoenas are imposed to prevent undue inconvenience to witnesses. Most often, motions to compel are used in discovery disputes when one party doesnt want to answer questions or sit for a deposition. Aug. 1, 1980; Apr. These simplify the form of subpoena as provided in U.S.C., Title 28, [former] 655 (Witnesses; subpoena; form; attendance under); and broaden U.S.C., Title 28, [former] 636 (Production of books and writings) to include all actions, and to extend to any person. (Code Civ. Essentially, the Court noted that those claims were not ripe for consideration at this time. Inspection or testing of certain types of electronically stored information or of a person's electronic information system may raise issues of confidentiality or privacy. (Motion of August 13, 2004.) Subdivision (d). See U.S.C., Title 28, 711 [now 1783] (Letters rogatory to take testimony of witness, addressed to court of foreign country; failure of witness to appear; subpoena) and 713 [now 1783] (Service of subpoena on witness in foreign country). Under the current rule, parties often agree that production, particularly of electronically stored information, be transmitted be electronic means. Reddit Opposes Motion to Compel. endstream
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v. Varsity Brands, Inc. A legal request that a court of law compel one party to a legal action to provide evidence to another party to the action. (ii) disclosing an unretained expert's opinion or information that does not describe specific occurrences in dispute and results from the expert's study that was not requested by a party. Clause (c)(3)(B)(iii) protects non-party witnesses who may be burdened to perform the duty to travel in order to provide testimony at trial. A party receiving a discovery request who asserts a privilege or protection but fails to disclose that claim is at risk of waiving the privilege or protection. WebPending before this Court is the Motion to Compel Production of Documents in Response to Subpoena Duces Tecum served by defendant Philip Morris Incorporated on third party respondent University of Southern California (USC). Aug. 1, 1987; Apr. While largely repetitious, this rule is addressed to the witness who may read it on the subpoena, where it is required to be printed by the revised paragraph (a)(1) of this rule. Northern District. Only a small style change has been made in the proposal as published. ), U.S.C., Title 26, 614, 619(b) [see 7456] (Board of Tax Appeals), U.S.C., Title 26, 1523(a) [see 7608] (Internal Revenue Officers), U.S.C., Title 29, 161 (Labor Relations Board), U.S.C., Title 33, 506 (Secretary of Army), U.S.C., Title 35, 5456 [now 24] (Patent Office proceedings), U.S.C., Title 38, [former] 133 (Veterans Administration), U.S.C., Title 41, 39 (Secretary of Labor), U.S.C., Title 45, 157 Third. Facebook sought a peremptory writ of mandate directing the trial court to vacate its order denying the motion to quash the subpoena and to enter a new order granting the motion. See Henning v. Boyle, 112 Fed. Notes of Advisory Committee on Rules1987 Amendment. At the hearing, the party that filed the motion will need to tell the judge why the other party should be compelled to do something. Format of discovery motions (a) Separate statement required Any motion involving the content of a discovery request or the These are additional reasons for filing a Motion to Compel Discovery. If an objection is made, the following rules apply: (i) At any time, on notice to the commanded person, the serving party may move the court for the district where compliance is required for an order compelling production or inspection. To protect a person subject to or affected by a subpoena, the court for the district where compliance is required may, on motion, quash or modify the subpoena if it requires: (i) disclosing a trade secret or other confidential research, development, or commercial information; or. The language of Rule 45 has been amended as part of the general restyling of the Civil Rules to make them more easily understood and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules. . In the August 2020 case of Facebook, Inc. v. Superior Court (Stephan),[1] the California Supreme Court directed trial courts to explicitly consider and balance seven factors in ruling on a motion to quash a subpoena duces tecum directed to a third party. Subdivision (d). A Motion to Compel is governed by Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37 and Central District of California Local Rule 37. These amendments do not change that existing law; the courts retain their authority to control the place of party depositions and impose sanctions for failure to appear under Rule 37(b). 0000021024 00000 n
Code, 1060]). Subpoenas are essential to obtain discovery from nonparties. Rule 45(c)(1)(A) provides that compliance may be required within 100 miles of where the person subject to the subpoena resides, is employed, or regularly conducts business in person. 0000005249 00000 n
E-FILED: Feb 16, 2016 5:00 PM, Superior Court of CA, County of Santa Clara, Case #1-13-CV-258281 Filing #G-80827 19010 EX PARTE APP RE MTC CILKER DEPO ON 02-17-16 ; SCA) as a shield to block enforcement of the subpoena.[4]. (3) Issued by Whom. A nonparty opposing such motion without substantial justification is subject to sanctions. The words "before trial" were restored to the notice provision that was moved to new Rule 459a)(4). The receiving party may submit the information to the court for resolution of the privilege claim, as under Rule 26(b)(5)(B). 9 Central District of California 10 11 John Doe, Case No: CV15 -990 MT (DA) 12 Plaintiff, JOINT STIPULATION RE: 13 vs. PLAINTIFFS MOTION 14 Jane Smith, TO COMPEL 15 Defendant. Although the Court acknowledged this was merely preliminary hearing evidence, the Court explained that it nevertheless constitute[d] relevant material that could properly be considered by a trial court that, having been presented with an assertedly viable claim of self-defense, is required to rule on a motion to quash a subpoena seeking restricted and private social media communications., [17] The Supreme Court stated, a number of long-established decisions have discussed, quite extensively, several of these factors, including the two that deserve special attention in the present circumstancesplausible justification, and confidentiality or constitutional interests that a person in Renterias position might have. 213 (E.D. 20 29
[Omitted]. The latter development is reflected in the provisions of subdivision (c) of this rule, and also in the requirement imposed by paragraph (3) of this subdivision that the attorney issuing a subpoena must sign it. The changed references to other rules conform to changes made in those rules. This revision makes the rule explicit that the attorney acts as an officer of the court in issuing and signing subpoenas. (iv) set out the text of Rule 45(d) and (e). 0
[9] Kling v. Superior Court of Ventura County (2010) 50 Cal.4th 1068, 1075; Hill v. Superior Court (1974) 10 Cal.3d 812, 817818 [discovery context]; Joe Z. v. Superior Court (1970) 3 Cal.3d 797, 804 [discovery context]; see also, e.g., Alhambra, supra, 205 Cal.App.3d at pp. section 2701 et seq. 0000012093 00000 n
The added last sentence of amended subdivision (d)(1) properly gives the subpoena for documents or tangible things the same scope as provided in Rule 26(b), thus promoting uniformity. The person responding need not produce the same electronically stored information in more than one form. S _H{ 7ex+ 7 9Jf:%?u>Tj6/^Du24E2(,-^Pr7
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: The Court further agrees that Under this provision a deponent can be compelled, without court order, to travel from one end of that person's home county to the other, no matter how far that may be. Because the subpoena for business records operates as a deposition, the other provisions of Code section 2025 may also apply to it. ( Code of Civ. Paragraph (c)(3) explicitly authorizes the quashing of a subpoena as a means of protecting a witness from misuse of the subpoena power. Defendant contended that he needed all electronic communications by Renteria in order to prepare his defense. On motion to compel discovery or for a protective order, the person responding must show that the information is not reasonably accessible because of undue burden or cost. A motion to compel asks the court to order either the opposing party or a third party to take some action. Rule 34 has authorized such inspections of premises in the possession of a party as discovery compelled under Rule 37, but prior practice required an independent proceeding to secure such relief ancillary to the federal proceeding when the premises were not in the possession of a party. Under this amendment, the person subpoenaed may obtain the protection afforded by any of the orders permitted under Rule 30(b) or Rule 45(b). The Court unflinchingly ruled, The constitutional provision simply does not apply to corporations. Subdivision (d). The district court where compliance is required has jurisdiction to resolve objections. Dec. 1, 2007; Apr. No affidavit or declaration showing good cause is required. Rules of Court, rule 3.1346 [requiring personal service unless otherwise agreed].) )H>x%Ps"G1x;TT] a\>FTJ' 3
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