social science issues related to war

Conventional arms transfers to developing nations, 20032010. New York, NY: New York Review of Books. Tirman (2012, p. 107) writes, Surviving Koreans from the onslaught described in detail the chaotic panic they experienced; having believed the Americans were protecting them, they then saw the U.S. troops fire indiscriminately at men, women, and children at the scene. At the end of the three days, about four hundred civilians lay dead. When one woman who was raped by two soldiers in Iraq told her commander, he threatened her with a charge of adultery because she was married (Speier, 2012). Washington, DC: Author. Other political and economic changes brought by war are less obvious. Fourth, military waste in the form of cost overruns from poor accounting and other management failures is rampant. The Washington Post. As a result, reported rapes and sexual assaults compose only a very small percentage of all military rapes and sexual assaults. Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars listed the hundreds of thousands of troop deaths in American wars. Betrayal in the Ranks. Retrieved February 17, 2012, from http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering. The Nation. A.I.D.E. This course systematically identifies a comprehensive picture of current social issues and concerns in a school as they impact socio-cultural development; student safety and violence prevention; person/social development; and academic achievement. Cost equivalencies illustrate what is lost when so much money is spent on the military, especially on weapons systems that do not work and are not needed. A social studies essay might be assigned to any middle school, high school, or college student. Actually, we have not had a war between major powers since 1945. Although the truce later dissolved and labor-management conflict resumed, labor eventually won some limited rights thanks partly to its support for the war. What happened to a leaner, meaner military. This includes current problems and risks that represent a probability of future problems. This report concluded that the more money we spend on unneeded weapons programs, the more layoffs there will be of police officers, firefighters, teachers, and other workers whose jobs are funded directly or indirectly by federal spending.. Vietnam Veterans Against the War. Some 400,000 tons of napalm were used altogether. (2012). Identify two social science issues related to education. As this brief discussion indicates, although the massacre of 347 Vietnamese at the hamlet of My Lai is undoubtedly the Vietnam massacre that is best known (and perhaps the only known) to the American public, massacres were far from rare and in fact were rather common. The establishment of foreign bases provided the Commission of Government with an unforeseen amount of wealth, which it used to improve social services. Nuclear weapons overview. China ranked a distant second at $119 billion, followed by the United Kingdom at $60 billion and France at $49 billion (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010). The National Guard New York National Guard CC BY 2.0. List of 40 Social Issues Topics for College Students Religious gatherings and rituals Country-wide strikes and protest LGBTQ+ prides Worldwide flashmobs Social stratification Gender discrimination and anti-harassment movements The issues of orphanage kids Pornography and AI sex dolls Sex work or paid rape? A major reason for this problem was that the Pentagon had begun building these systems before their designs had been completely tested. ABSTRACT This essay examines ways in which American social science in the late twentieth century wasand was nota creature of the Cold War. US veterans: By the numbers. Historically, this scarcity has again motivated societies to go to war. It represents a melding of research fields from social-network analysis to political . All these killings were outright slaughter. Social science is the study of people: as individuals, communities and societies; their behaviours and interactions with each other and with their built, technological and natural environments. Bumiller, E. (2010, July 25). Since 1993, US armed forces have waged war in Iraq and in Afghanistan and also joined international military operations in such countries as Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Libya. Are we giant suckers? But veterans are casualties in other ways, as the news story that began this chapter made clear. The article presents major trends and turning points in the growth of five social science disciplines in the country: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. . Baker, L. (2012, February 18). Critics say these exports help fuel the worldwide arms race and international discord. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan provide additional examples of a theft from those who hunger and are not fed. These wars cost the United States about $1.3 trillion through 2012, for an average of more than $100 billion annually (Harrison, 2012). In fact, rape and sexual assault are the leading cause of PTSD among women veterans, while combat trauma is the leading cause of PTSD among male veterans. Nuclear war is no longer a two-player game, as it largely was during the cold war, with the U.S. and NATO facing off against the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact. As one scholar said of the military bases, It makes as much sense for the Pentagon to hold onto 227 military bases in Germany as it would for the post office to maintain a fleet of horses and buggies (vanden Heuvel, 2011). Noting that the military budget today exceeds the average budget during the Cold War, they think military spending is far higher than it needs to be to ensure the nations defense with the Soviet Union no longer a threat. War and sacrifice in the post-9/11 era. Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010. Analysis of the FY2012 defense budget. Castelli, C. J. War also has impact beyond the consequences for civilians and veterans. War can also change a nations political structure in obvious ways, as when the winning nation forces a new political system and leadership on the losing nation. John Tirman, director of the Center for International Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, worries that Americans have neglected the civilian victims of war. Around the globe, US military bases generate resentment, not security. (2011). : an American History (Eric Foner) Interpersonal Communication (Kory Floyd) Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment ORDER NOW FOR AN ORIGINAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT: SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment Identify two social science issues related to war. Zornick, G. (2012, January 6). Retrieved from http://fcnl.org/assets/flyer/taxchart11.pdf. War made easy: How presidents and pundits keep spinning us to death. The war of social media," Popular Science, 288 (2 . (2012). Herdy, A., & Moffeit, M. (2004). Wheeler, W. T. (2009). for the social science issues related to war, the first thing that comes to mind is the effect on the families. However, the calculation for this statement excludes the additional military expenses just discussed, and it uses a misleading measure of federal spending. A popular explanation for war derives from evolutionary biology. (2011, July 22). Question DescriptionIdentify two social science issues related to war. More than 20,000 nuclear warheads now exist; 4,800 are operational and almost 2,000 (held by the United States and Russia) are on high alert, ready to be used at any time (Federation of American Scientists, 2011). Tirman describes one Korean incident in which machine gun fire from US warplanes killed about one hundred civilian refugees who were resting on a road. The Korean and Vietnam veterans memorials in the nations capital and so many other memorials across the nation remind us of the hundreds of thousands of brave men and women who have died serving their country. Human and human social systems are matter. Nations also go to war for ideological reasons: they have certain belief systems that lead them to hold prejudice and other hostile feelings toward nations with different belief systems. World War I again provides an interesting example of such changes. Slashing Americas defense: A suicidal trajectory. This change is widely credited with helping spur the hopes of southern African Americans that racial desegregation would someday occur in their hometowns (McKeeby, 2008). Week 1 Question 7 Identify two social science issues related toeducation. Third, and helping to explain the success of this lobbying, military spending provides jobs and income to the home districts of members of Congress. (2012). Depression, anxiety, and psychosomatic problems such as insomnia are the most common effects. Americans are hurt, he warned, when the defense budget squanders money that could be used to repair schools or to guarantee universal health care (Arias, 1999, p. A19). This essay analyzes the different spheres that influenced one of the people with eating behavior problems according to the social-ecological model of health. Veterans in History and Society. Washington, DC: Center for International Policy. 2023 World War II-style rationing could be an effective way to reduce carbon . We both wound up suspended for that one (Ashton, 2011). (2012, February 8). In 2010, more than 19,000 US military personnel, most of them women, were raped or sexually assaulted (Stalsburg, 2011). When these problems occur, they may ironically worsen the psychological state of these veterans. The primary mode of research involved survey questionnaires given anonymously to samples, many of them random, of military members. Many came back addicted to heroin and other drugs, many were unemployed, and many became homeless. Why. Most Americans continued to live their normal lives, whereas most Iraqis had to struggle to survive the many ravages of war. A prime example of this latter dynamic is the Vietnam War. Scholars have attempted to explain why human beings wage war. Families of deployed troops also face many difficulties. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. As a historian summarized this connection, By the end of the war, labors wartime mobilization and participation had increased its relative power within European societies. Arias, O. His wife April had to quit her teaching job to take care of him, and their life savings slowly dwindled. Newsweek, 5262. The European nations decisions to limit their military spending allows more spending for social needs. First, the defense industry is very effective at lobbying Congress for increased military spending, with the cozy relationship among members of the military-industrial complex helping to ensure the effectiveness of this lobbying. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html. Although this is almost an unimaginable number, there is cause for some hope, even as there is also cause for despair. The US employment effects of military and domestic spending priorities: 2011 update. Veterans with PTSD often end up with problems in their marriages or other relationships and are more likely to commit violence against their spouses or partners. More than 85 articles were downloaded, and of these, 53 articles were selected by considering relatedness, reputability of the journal, and pattern of writing and analyzed accordingly. (1999). Retrieved from http://www.timesleader.com/stories/A-concerted-effort-needed-to-help-homeless-veterans-COMMENTARY-STATE-SEN- LISA-BAKER,89325?search_filter=A+concerted+effort+needed+to+help+homeless +veterans &town_id=1&sub_type=stories. There is the natural fear that loved ones will never return from their overseas involvement in armed conflict. Bikeshedding Bikeshedding is the tendency for groups to focus on solving trivial problems while neglecting larger problems. Social science issues related to war. According to the Education Research Center, United States, around 7,000 high school students drop out of school every day.The high drop out rates are propelled by social issues in education as mentioned above. Boot, M. (2012). Martinez, L., & Bingham, A. Collier, E. C. (1993). 9.5 million children receiving low-income health care (Medicaid), 1.7 million students receiving full-tuition scholarships at state universities, 1.6 million Head Start slots for children. For every 100,000 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans who receive health care from the Veterans Administration, 38 have killed themselves. Dewan, S. (2011, December 18). US veterans: By the numbers. Each of these warheads is an average of at least twenty times more powerful than each of the atomic bombs that decimated Japan. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security. Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. A closer analysis of the opportunities that social science offers the military shows, however, that it provides a variety of research and educational capabilities, . 147 Social Studies Topics for Your Research Project. Still, tensions often arise. (2012). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Stopping Americas most lethal export. Job numbers are up, but veterans are left behind. New York, NY: Penguin. Choose one of the five social institutions. It emerged from china and spread worldwide in a quick time span. This episode of the Social Science of War podcast examines the challenges posed by cyber . Although she survived, it took seventeen surgeries to turn her whole again. appeared first on Yourhomeworksolutions. A recent study found that adolescents with a deployed parent are more likely than those with civilian parents to feel depressed and suicidal. The minimum estimate almost matches the number of American deaths in all the other wars the United States has fought, and the maximum estimate greatly exceeds this number (see Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars). The issues and problems discussed so far in this chapter concern the nation's elementary and secondary schools in view of their critical importance for tens of millions of children and for the nation's social and economic well-being. The attention just given to civilians should in no way obscure or minimize the fact that veterans are also casualties of war. This individualistic focus risks neglecting the core issue: the role of a social world, invariably targeted in war and yet still embodying the capacity of survivor populations to manage their suffering, adapt and recover on a collective basis. A concerted effort needed to help homeless veterans. The second period is 19391945, when World War II killed 55 million people. But not all civilians are affected equally. (1971). The psychological effect of war on veterans and their families 1 ) . End of US military segregation set stage for rights movement. However it is calculated, the US military budget is by far the highest in the world and in fact accounts for 43 percent of the worlds military spending. At the end of that war, however, the nuclear age began when the United States dropped two atomic weapons on Japan that killed tens of thousands instantly and tens of thousands more from radiation exposure. Four decades later, questions of deceit were again raised after the United States began the war against Iraq because of its alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction. To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history (Pinker, 2012). She also refused to display the American flag, saying, When I looked at the American flag, I used to see red, white, and blue. As large as it is, the $768 billion just cited as the official figure for the US military budget is misleading in at least two ways. New York Times, June 23, p. A19. Dao, J. Between 1861 and 1865, at least 618,000 and perhaps as many as 750,000 soldiers in both the Union and the Confederacy died on the battlefield or from disease. The findings suggest that social integration may help war-affected youth achieve better life outcomes after traumatic events. While the US blows money on the military, Europe spends dough on social programs. Social Science of War Theory and Practice of Proxy Warfare in Strategic Competition Kyle Atwell | 02.20.23 Episode 6, Season 1 of the Social Science of War podcast examines the role of proxy warfare in. A fifth and related group is composed of social reconstructionists or critical pedagogues, who cast social studies in schools in a leading role in the As a result, observes one economics writer, most Europeans have universal health care, deeply subsidized education (including free university tuition in many countries), modern infrastructure, good mass transit, and far less poverty than the United States has. This article is intended to investigate the war-related psycho-social problems and mitigating strategies of war declared on Ethiopia's Amhara region civilians. Do you think the US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about the same? Poverty, discrimination, and addiction are examples of such problems. "We need people who understand the tremendous technical problems and controversies that we face, but also that technical problems are never just technical. If warfare is not biological in origin, then it is best understood as a social phenomenon, one that has its roots in the decisions of political and military officials. By any measure, then, the US military has played a fundamental role, for better or worse, in the nations foreign affairs historically and also today. In making this very important decision, Europe has chosen butter over guns. First, it excludes several military-related costs such as veterans benefits and interest on the national debt from past military spending. War is sustained armed conflict that causes large-scale loss of life or extreme material destruction (Worrell, 2011, p. 1). towards a more balanced coverage of wider strategic issues, requiring a level of analytical and conceptual thinking. In terms of the risk of dying in war, then, the Mongolian wars were five times more deadly than World War II. The authors, by reviewing the recent work of several behavioral and social science disciplines concerned with the impact of war upon society, suggest that the study of war's social ramifications has been characterized by the publication of empirical work that neglects, to some extent, the larger sociological implications of war as well as its Tirman, J. An Associated Press photo of her running naked and screaming with burns after her village was napalmed was one of the most memorable photos of that war. Introduction. Another issue would be the stress on the families who have a service member deployed in a war zone . DOD: New nuclear subs will cost $347 billion to acquire, operate. To do so, it routinely deployed chemical weapons such as Agent Orange (dioxin, a known carcinogen), napalm, and white phosphorous. When it comes to our wars overseas, he adds, concern for the victims is limited to U.S. troops.. Bess, M. (2008). By 2011, NIJ's solicitation for social science research on forensic science yielded several solid proposals, and we were able to fund five projects. We call them social issues when they start negatively impacting a specific group of people. Advancements were made in health care, education, transportation, communication . Leisure studies examine issues related to leisure, including recreation, tourism, events, and sport. . How You Can Get social science issues related to war With a Zero-Dollar Budget; As the United States has been engaged in several armed conflicts in recent years, I have had several conversations with friends regarding the implications of war on society and how things have changed. This book has emphasized that children are often the innocent victims of various social problems from the time they are born, with important consequences for their futures. As a reminder, the social science principles we focus on in this course are social roles, social institutions, social norms, and beliefs and values. Do we care when civilians die in war? When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. WAR AND RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCE 363 the basic data of the social sciences are the be-havior patterns of human beings, which exhibit that variety conditioned by the unique nervous organization known as the human . Very few studies include men in their surveys, but one study reported a 3 percent rate of sexual assault victimization for men while they were in the military. Prompt: During the first week of the . Lochhead, C. (2012, February 14). Since Arias wrote these words, the United States has spent more than $5.5 trillion on defense outlays in constant dollars (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010), including $1.3 trillion on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. When we think of the impact of war, the consequences for civilians and veterans as just discussed come most readily to mind. After they did so, US ground troops shot them and left a pile of dead bodies that included twenty-one children. Image courtesy of Sgt. Cross) Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham) Impact of Social Issues in Education. Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. Halperin, S. (2004). America.gov. Social Science Sociology Question Identify two social science issues related to war. Theyre in good shape for the shape theyre in, Sources: Ledbetter, 2011; Vietnam Veterans Against the War, 1971. Those two weapons were tiny in both number and size compared to nuclear weapons today. As an economics writer wryly noted, So remember to take pride in American power, and remember that it comes at a very high price. In making this classic macroeconomics decision, the United States has much to learn from the wealthy nations of Europe. In 2010, the US official military budget (defense outlays only) was $698 billion. This work goes under a variety of names, including 'human dynamics' and 'computational social science'. It includes a range of topics on social science and humanities, such as history, culture, geography, sociology, education, etc. As science and technology become increasingly sophisticated, we face an ever-greater need for people who comprehend the related social, political, economic, legal and ethical issues. Of all military rapes and sexual assaults compose only a very small percentage of all military rapes and sexual compose... 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